Old museum
Berlim, Berlim, Germany
Suggest Place to Visit
5759
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The Altes Museum (Old Museum) is the largest and most important museum in the world in the field of ancient art in Greece, Rome and Etruria. The Altes Museum is one of the divisions of the Collection of Classical Antiquities (Antikensammlung), exhibiting statuary and art in general, and the Pergamon Museum is reserved for the section of ancient architecture. It is located on the Museum Island in Berlin, Germany.
The collection's initial nucleus was created in the time of Brandenburg Elector Frederico Guilherme I, with the acquisition of the private collection of Gerrit Reynst. His successors continued the expansion, purchasing the great collection of archaeologist Giovanni Pietro Bellori in 1698 and that of Cardinal Melchior de Polignac in 1742, and incorporating the heritage of the marquise de Ansbach-Bayreuth in 1758, in addition to other pieces.
In the 18th century, most of the works were distributed in the various royal castles and in a temple-museum built in Potsdam, and the public had no access to them. From 1797 onwards ideas to form a public collection began to emerge. A commission was formed, headed by Wilhelm von Humboldt, to select the pieces to be exhibited, while new and important collections were acquired, such as the bronzes and vases from Consul General Bartholdy (1827) and that of 1,348 General Franz von Koller (1828).
To house the complex, a building was built in 1830 by Karl Friedrich Schinkel. The collection brought together was mainly of Greek and Roman pieces, in addition to some medieval and modern pieces, with a large section of European paintings. In 1831 another group of 442 vases was purchased from Dorow-Magnus, and archaeologist Eduard Gerhard then donated the works he had collected, making the vases section the most important in the world.
Its first director was Ludwig Tieck, assisted by Eduard Gerhard as curator of archeology, who established a scientific methodology with descriptive drawings for cataloging the pieces, a novelty at the time, expanded the collection on several fronts and created a section of replicas of reference works, which was later merged with the replica collection of the Berlin Academy of Art, today one of the largest in the world. The group of drawings produced by him is still used for research.
Soon the building became small for the growing number of items, and it was necessary to build another, the Neues Museum (New Museum), built by Friedrich August Stüler between 1843 and 1855 to the north of the Altes Museum. The pieces from Egypt, the replicas and the collection of vases from the Antiquarium were transferred there. Even with this division, the space provided by the Altes Museum was still not enough, and in 1883 it was decided to divide the collection again, sending the paintings (today in the Gemäldegalerie), and the post-antiquity sculptures to the Kaiser-Friedrichs-Museum (today the Bode Museum), which was being built.
Even with the problem of physical space always present, in 1884 a large collection of Peter Alexandrovich Saburov was acquired, and new pieces were arriving, coming from excavations sponsored by the museum since 1875 in the Mediterranean area, including Olympia, Pergamon, Priene, Magnesia, Mileto and Baalbek, requiring the creation of a new exhibition space.
Between 1897 and 1899 the architect Fritz Wolff created the first Pergamon Museum, open to visitors in 1901 with the section of ancient architecture, including the famous Altar of Pergamum. However, structural problems in the building led to its demolition shortly thereafter, being replaced by the current Pergamon Museum.
During World War II the collection of the Altes Museum was divided and transferred to safe locations, but the building was severely bombed and eventually burned down, and part of the collection was also lost, pillaged or destroyed, in the confusion that surrounded German surrender. in 1945. The losses could only be counted after the collection was reunified, adding up to five large bronzes, about 30 stone vases, more than 1,500 ceramic vases, including masterpieces by celebrated Greek potters-painters, 100 pieces of jewelry and more than 150 precious stones.
In 1958 Russia returned part of the war booty that it had plundered in 1945, but without its own headquarters, these works, together with the salvages of the old building and which were in deposits, were provisionally installed in the Pergamon Museum and in the Münzkabinett in Berlin, and at Charlottenburg Castle. However, most of the collection remained in storage, with no space to display it. The old building of the museum finished being restored in 1966 and was opened again with part of the collection, but the collection was slow to be reunited. In 1982, a new wing was built at the Pergamon Museum for sculptures and art pieces. The works that have been kept in Charlottenburg since the war remained there until 1995.
Currently, the Altes Museum, renovated and with its reintegrated collection, displays works from Greece, Great Greece and Rome from the archaic period to the Hellenistic era, distributed in the following sections:
Cyclades, Crete and Mycenae
Geometric period art
Archaic art
Olympia
Samos
Miletus
Corinth and Aegina
Treasure
Mythology
Laconia and Boeotia
Athens
Vases
Greek culture in Italy
Tanagra and Hellenism in the East
Priene
Hellenistic sculpture
Roman portraits
Roman funerary art
Roman painting
Etruria (not yet available to the public)
Schedule:
Monday Closed
Tuesday 10:00 - 18:00
Wednesday 10:00 - 18:00
Thursday 10:00 - 20:00
Friday 10:00 - 18:00
saturday 10:00 - 18:00
sunday 10:00 - 18:00
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